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authorHunter Kvalevog <hunter@kvog.sh>2026-10-02 21:53:51 -0500
committerHunter Kvalevog <hunter@kvog.sh>2026-10-02 21:53:51 -0500
commit4dfc11d74ab02ac5765ae5d08fb750c91f4744b4 (patch)
tree17ba62056d6b691dd0217b0e8f1b3a5826dce0f6 /rust/rustlings/exercises/19_smart_pointers/cow1.rs
parent02d8f1c62896576e1266553a56980eddbc2a88d7 (diff)
rustlings: move to rust/
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+// This exercise explores the `Cow` (Clone-On-Write) smart pointer. It can
+// enclose and provide immutable access to borrowed data and clone the data
+// lazily when mutation or ownership is required. The type is designed to work
+// with general borrowed data via the `Borrow` trait.
+
+use std::borrow::Cow;
+
+fn abs_all(input: &mut Cow<[i32]>) {
+ for ind in 0..input.len() {
+ let value = input[ind];
+ if value < 0 {
+ // Clones into a vector if not already owned.
+ input.to_mut()[ind] = -value;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+ // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+ use super::*;
+
+ #[test]
+ fn reference_mutation() {
+ // Clone occurs because `input` needs to be mutated.
+ let vec = vec![-1, 0, 1];
+ let mut input = Cow::from(&vec);
+ abs_all(&mut input);
+ assert!(matches!(input, Cow::Owned(_)));
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn reference_no_mutation() {
+ // No clone occurs because `input` doesn't need to be mutated.
+ let vec = vec![0, 1, 2];
+ let mut input = Cow::from(&vec);
+ abs_all(&mut input);
+ assert!(matches!(input, Cow::Borrowed(_)));
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn owned_no_mutation() {
+ // We can also pass `vec` without `&` so `Cow` owns it directly. In this
+ // case, no mutation occurs (all numbers are already absolute) and thus
+ // also no clone. But the result is still owned because it was never
+ // borrowed or mutated.
+ let vec = vec![0, 1, 2];
+ let mut input = Cow::from(vec);
+ abs_all(&mut input);
+ assert!(matches!(input, Cow::Owned(_)));
+ }
+
+ #[test]
+ fn owned_mutation() {
+ // Of course this is also the case if a mutation does occur (not all
+ // numbers are absolute). In this case, the call to `to_mut()` in the
+ // `abs_all` function returns a reference to the same data as before.
+ let vec = vec![-1, 0, 1];
+ let mut input = Cow::from(vec);
+ abs_all(&mut input);
+ assert!(matches!(input, Cow::Owned(_)));
+ }
+}